kubeprom

07_KubePrometheusStack/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+set fallback := true
+
+export PROMETHEUS_NAMESPACE := env("PROMETHEUS_NAMESPACE", "prometheus")
+
+[private]
+default:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-submodules
+
+
+add-helm-repo:
+    @helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
+    @helm repo update
+
+
+install:
+    @just add-helm-repo
+    @helm upgrade --cleanup-on-fail --install kube-prometheus-stack prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack \
+        --wait \
+        -f kube-stack-config-values.yaml
+
+uninstall:
+    helm uninstall kube-prometheus-stack

07_KubePrometheusStack/kube-stack-config-values.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#
+# Copyright © contributors to CloudNativePG, established as
+# CloudNativePG a Series of LF Projects, LLC.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+#
+
+# -- here you can pass the whole values directly to the kube-prometheus-stack chart
+enabled: true
+kubeControllerManager:
+  enabled: false
+nodeExporter:
+  enabled: false
+defaultRules:
+  create: true
+  rules:
+    alertmanager: false
+    etcd: false
+    configReloaders: false
+    general: false
+    k8s: true
+    kubeApiserver: false
+    kubeApiserverAvailability: false
+    kubeApiserverSlos: false
+    kubelet: true
+    kubeProxy: false
+    kubePrometheusGeneral: false
+    kubePrometheusNodeRecording: false
+    kubernetesApps: false
+    kubernetesResources: false
+    kubernetesStorage: false
+    kubernetesSystem: false
+    kubeScheduler: false
+    kubeStateMetrics: false
+    network: false
+    node: true
+    nodeExporterAlerting: false
+    nodeExporterRecording: true
+    prometheus: false
+    prometheusOperator: false
+
+#nodeSelector:
+  #workload: monitor
+prometheus:
+  prometheusSpec:
+    podMonitorSelectorNilUsesHelmValues: false
+    ruleSelectorNilUsesHelmValues: false
+    serviceMonitorSelectorNilUsesHelmValues: false
+    probeSelectorNilUsesHelmValues: false
+  #nodeSelector:
+    #workload: monitor
+grafana:
+  enabled: true
+  # -- the grafana admin password
+  adminPassword: prom-operator
+  defaultDashboardsEnabled: false
+  sidecar:
+      dashboards:
+        enabled: true
+  #nodeSelector:
+    #workload: monitor
+alertmanager:
+  enabled: true
+  #alertManagerSpec:
+    #nodeSelector:
+      #workload: monitor

08_Vault/README.md

@@ -128,4 +128,138 @@ These annotations are used to configure the Vault Agent to inject secrets into t
 Use the below command to check the vault secrets from the pod volume
 ```
 kubectl exec -it vault-test-84d9dc9986-gcxfv -- sh -c "cat /vault/secrets/login && cat /vault/secrets/my-first-secret" -n vault
-```
+```
+
+
+
+
+----
+
+
+Wenn du Kubernetes mit Vault konfiguriert hast, ermöglichst du eine **sichere Integration zwischen deinem Kubernetes-Cluster und HashiCorp Vault**. Hier sind die wichtigsten Szenarien und Vorteile:
+
+## Hauptfunktionen
+
+### 1. **Automatische Pod-Authentifizierung**
+Pods können sich automatisch bei Vault authentifizieren, ohne dass du Credentials manuell verteilen musst. Vault nutzt Kubernetes Service Accounts zur Identitätsverifizierung.
+
+### 2. **Dynamische Secrets für Anwendungen**
+Anwendungen können zur Laufzeit Secrets von Vault abrufen, statt sie in ConfigMaps oder Kubernetes Secrets zu speichern.
+
+## Praktische Szenarien
+
+### **Szenario 1: Vault Agent Sidecar Injection**
+Vault injiziert automatisch einen Sidecar-Container, der Secrets abruft und für deine App bereitstellt:
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Pod
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    vault.hashicorp.com/agent-inject: "true"
+    vault.hashicorp.com/role: "myapp"
+    vault.hashicorp.com/agent-inject-secret-database: "database/creds/myapp-role"
+spec:
+  serviceAccountName: myapp
+  containers:
+  - name: app
+    image: myapp:latest
+```
+
+**Ergebnis:** Datenbank-Credentials werden automatisch in `/vault/secrets/database` bereitgestellt.
+
+### **Szenario 2: Dynamische Datenbank-Credentials**
+Statt statische DB-Passwörter zu verwenden, generiert Vault temporäre Credentials:
+
+- Jeder Pod bekommt eigene DB-Credentials
+- Credentials sind zeitlich begrenzt (z.B. 24h)
+- Automatische Rotation
+- Einfaches Widerrufen bei Kompromittierung
+
+### **Szenario 3: Externe Secrets Operator (ESO)**
+Secrets werden als native Kubernetes Secrets synchronisiert:
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: external-secrets.io/v1beta1
+kind: SecretStore
+metadata:
+  name: vault-backend
+spec:
+  provider:
+    vault:
+      server: "https://vault.test.k8s.schnrbs.work"
+      path: "secret"
+      auth:
+        kubernetes:
+          mountPath: "kubernetes"
+          role: "myapp"
+```
+
+### **Szenario 4: Verschlüsselung als Service**
+Anwendungen können Vault's Transit Engine nutzen:
+
+```bash
+# Daten verschlüsseln ohne den Key zu kennen
+vault write transit/encrypt/my-key plaintext=$(base64 <<< "sensitive data")
+
+# Daten entschlüsseln
+vault write transit/decrypt/my-key ciphertext="vault:v1:abc..."
+```
+
+### **Szenario 5: PKI/Zertifikats-Management**
+Automatische Ausstellung von TLS-Zertifikaten für Service-to-Service-Kommunikation:
+
+- Kurzlebige Zertifikate (z.B. 1h)
+- Automatische Rotation
+- Zero-Trust-Netzwerk
+
+### **Szenario 6: Multi-Tenancy**
+Verschiedene Namespaces/Teams haben isolierten Zugriff:
+
+```bash
+# Team A darf nur auf secret/team-a/* zugreifen
+# Team B darf nur auf secret/team-b/* zugreifen
+```
+
+## Vorteile gegenüber Kubernetes Secrets
+
+| Aspekt | Kubernetes Secrets | Vault Integration |
+|--------|-------------------|-------------------|
+| Verschlüsselung at rest | Optional, etcd-Ebene | Immer, zusätzlich verschlüsselt |
+| Secret Rotation | Manuell | Automatisch/dynamisch |
+| Audit Log | Begrenzt | Detailliert für jeden Zugriff |
+| Dynamische Secrets | Nein | Ja (DB, Cloud, etc.) |
+| Granulare Policies | Begrenzt | Sehr feinkörnig |
+| Encryption-as-a-Service | Nein | Ja |
+
+## Typischer Workflow nach der Konfiguration
+
+1. **Policy erstellen:** Definiere, wer auf welche Secrets zugreifen darf
+2. **Role erstellen:** Verknüpfe Kubernetes Service Accounts mit Vault Policies
+3. **Secrets bereitstellen:** Nutze Vault Agent Injection oder CSI Driver
+4. **Anwendung deployen:** Pods authentifizieren sich automatisch
+
+## Best Practice Setup
+
+Nach der Kubernetes Auth-Aktivierung solltest du:
+
+```bash
+# 1. Policy erstellen
+vault policy write myapp - <<EOF
+path "secret/data/myapp/*" {
+  capabilities = ["read"]
+}
+EOF
+
+# 2. Role erstellen
+vault write auth/kubernetes/role/myapp \
+  bound_service_account_names=myapp \
+  bound_service_account_namespaces=production \
+  policies=myapp \
+  ttl=1h
+
+# 3. Service Account in K8s erstellen
+kubectl create serviceaccount myapp -n production
+```
+
+Möchtest du ein spezifisches Szenario genauer erkunden oder brauchst du Hilfe bei der Konfiguration eines bestimmten Use Cases?

08_Vault/auth-token-secret.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: vault-auth-token
+  annotations:
+    kubernetes.io/service-account.name: vault-auth
+type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
+

08_Vault/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+set fallback := true
+
+export K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE := env("K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE", "vault")
+export VAULT_CHART_VERSION := env("VAULT_CHART_VERSION", "0.31.0")
+export VAULT_HOST := env("VAULT_HOST", "")
+export VAULT_ADDR := "https://" + VAULT_HOST
+export VAULT_DEBUG := env("VAULT_DEBUG", "false")
+SECRET_PATH := "secret"
+
+
+[private]
+default:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-submodules
+
+# Add Helm repository
+add-helm-repo:
+    helm repo add hashicorp https://helm.releases.hashicorp.com
+    helm repo update
+
+# Remove Helm repository
+remove-helm-repo:
+    helm repo remove hashicorp
+
+
+# Create Vault namespace
+create-namespace:
+    @kubectl get namespace ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} > /dev/null || kubectl create namespace ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE}
+
+# Delete Vault namespace
+delete-namespace:
+    @kubectl delete namespace ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+
+install:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -eu
+    just create-namespace
+    just add-helm-repo
+ 
+    gomplate -f vault-values.gomplate.yaml -o vault-values.yaml
+
+    helm upgrade \
+      --cleanup-on-fail \
+      --install \
+      vault \
+      hashicorp/vault \
+      --namespace ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} \
+      --wait \
+      -f vault-values.yaml
+
+    kubectl wait pod --for=condition=PodReadyToStartContainers \
+        -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} vault-0 --timeout=5m
+
+    # Wait for Vault service to be ready to accept connections
+    echo "Waiting for Vault service to be ready..."
+    for i in {1..30}; do
+        if kubectl exec -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} vault-0 -- \
+            vault status 2>&1 | grep -qE "(Initialized|Sealed)"; then
+            echo "✓ Vault service is ready"
+            break
+        fi
+        if [ $i -eq 30 ]; then
+            echo "Error: Timeout waiting for Vault service to be ready"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        sleep 3
+    done
+
+    init_output=$(kubectl exec -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} vault-0 -- \
+        vault operator init -key-shares=1 -key-threshold=1 -format=json || true)
+
+    root_token=""
+    if echo "${init_output}" | grep -q "Vault is already initialized"; then
+        echo "Vault is already initialized"
+        while [ -z "${root_token}" ]; do
+            root_token=$(gum input --prompt="Vault root token: " --password --width=100)
+        done
+    else
+        unseal_key=$(echo "${init_output}" | jq -r '.unseal_keys_b64[0]')
+        root_token=$(echo "${init_output}" | jq -r '.root_token')
+        kubectl exec -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} vault-0 -- \
+            vault operator unseal "${unseal_key}"
+        echo "Vault initialized and unsealed successfully"
+        echo "Root Token: ${root_token}"
+        echo "Unseal Key: ${unseal_key}"
+        echo "Please save these credentials securely!"
+    fi
+
+    # Wait for all vault instances to pass readiness checks and be ready to serve requests
+    kubectl wait pod --for=condition=ready -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} \
+        -l app.kubernetes.io/name=vault --timeout=5m
+
+    just setup-kubernetes-auth "${root_token}"
+
+
+# Uninstall Vault
+uninstall delete-ns='false':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    helm uninstall vault -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found --wait
+    just delete-namespace
+
+
+# Setup Kubernetes authentication
+setup-kubernetes-auth root_token='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    export VAULT_TOKEN="{{ root_token }}"
+    while [ -z "${VAULT_TOKEN}" ]; do
+        VAULT_TOKEN=$(gum input --prompt="Vault root token: " --password --width=100)
+    done
+
+    gomplate -f ./serviceaccount.gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -n "${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE}" -f -
+    gomplate -f ./rolebinding.gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -n "${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE}" -f -
+    kubectl apply -n "${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE}" -f ./auth-token-secret.yaml
+
+    SA_SECRET="vault-auth-token"
+    SA_JWT=$(kubectl get secret -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} ${SA_SECRET} -o jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 --decode)
+    SA_CA=$(kubectl get secret -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} ${SA_SECRET} -o jsonpath='{.data.ca\.crt}' | base64 --decode)
+
+    vault auth list -format=json | jq -e '.["kubernetes/"]' >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
+        vault auth enable kubernetes
+    
+    vault write auth/kubernetes/config \
+        token_reviewer_jwt="${SA_JWT}" \
+        kubernetes_host="https://kubernetes.default.svc" \
+        kubernetes_ca_cert="${SA_CA}"

08_Vault/rolebinding.gomplate.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+kind: ClusterRoleBinding
+metadata:
+  name: vault-auth-binding
+roleRef:
+  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
+  kind: ClusterRole
+  name: system:auth-delegator
+subjects:
+  - kind: ServiceAccount
+    name: vault-auth
+    namespace: {{ .Env.K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE }}

08_Vault/serviceaccount.gomplate.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ServiceAccount
+metadata:
+  name: vault-auth
+  namespace: {{ .Env.K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE }}

08_Vault/vault-values.gomplate.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+server:
+  ingress:
+    enabled: true
+    annotations:
+      kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
+      traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints: websecure
+    ingressClassName: traefik
+    hosts:
+      - host: {{ .Env.VAULT_HOST }}
+        paths:
+          - /
+    tls:
+      - hosts:
+        - {{ .Env.VAULT_HOST }}
+dataStorage:
+  storageClass: longhorn

08_Vault/vault-values.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+server:
+  ingress:
+    enabled: true
+    annotations:
+      kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
+      traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints: websecure
+    ingressClassName: traefik
+    hosts:
+      - host: vault.test.k8s.schnrbs.work
+        paths:
+          - /
+    tls:
+      - hosts:
+        - vault.test.k8s.schnrbs.work
+dataStorage:
+  storageClass: longhorn

09_ExternalSecrets/external-secrets-values.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# External Secrets Operator resource configuration
+# Based on Goldilocks recommendations (Burstable QoS)
+
+podSecurityContext:
+  runAsNonRoot: true
+  runAsUser: 1000
+  runAsGroup: 1000
+  fsGroup: 1000
+  seccompProfile:
+    type: RuntimeDefault
+
+# Main controller
+resources:
+  requests:
+    cpu: 15m
+    memory: 192Mi
+  limits:
+    cpu: 50m
+    memory: 256Mi
+
+certController:
+  podSecurityContext:
+    runAsNonRoot: true
+    runAsUser: 1000
+    runAsGroup: 1000
+    fsGroup: 1000
+    seccompProfile:
+      type: RuntimeDefault
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      cpu: 15m
+      memory: 192Mi
+    limits:
+      cpu: 50m
+      memory: 256Mi
+
+webhook:
+  podSecurityContext:
+    runAsNonRoot: true
+    runAsUser: 1000
+    runAsGroup: 1000
+    fsGroup: 1000
+    seccompProfile:
+      type: RuntimeDefault
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      cpu: 15m
+      memory: 128Mi
+    limits:
+      cpu: 50m
+      memory: 256Mi

09_ExternalSecrets/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+set fallback := true
+
+export EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE := env("EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE", "external-secrets")
+export EXTERNAL_SECRETS_CHART_VERSION := env("EXTERNAL_SECRETS_CHART_VERSION", "1.1.0")
+export EXTERNAL_SECRETS_REFRESH_INTERVAL := env("EXTERNAL_SECRETS_REFRESH_INTERVAL", "1800")
+export K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE := env("K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE", "vault")
+export VAULT_HOST := env("VAULT_HOST", "")
+export VAULT_ADDR := "https://" + VAULT_HOST
+
+[private]
+default:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-submodules
+
+# Add Helm repository
+add-helm-repo:
+    helm repo add external-secrets https://charts.external-secrets.io
+    helm repo update
+
+# Remove Helm repository
+remove-helm-repo:
+    helm repo remove external-secrets
+
+# Install External Secrets
+install:
+    just add-helm-repo
+    helm upgrade --cleanup-on-fail \
+        --install external-secrets external-secrets/external-secrets \
+        --version ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_CHART_VERSION} -n ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} \
+        --create-namespace --wait \
+        -f external-secrets-values.yaml
+
+    kubectl label namespace ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} \
+        pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=restricted --overwrite
+
+    just create-external-secrets-role
+    just create-vault-secret-store
+
+# Uninstall External Secrets
+uninstall:
+    just delete-vault-secret-store
+    helm uninstall external-secrets -n ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} --wait
+    kubectl delete namespace ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+
+# Create Vault Secret Store for External Secrets
+create-vault-secret-store:
+    gomplate -f ./vault-secret-store.gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
+
+# Delete Vault Secret Store for External Secrets
+delete-vault-secret-store:
+    gomplate -f ./vault-secret-store.gomplate.yaml | kubectl delete --ignore-not-found -f -
+
+# Create Vault role for External Secrets
+create-external-secrets-role root_token='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    export VAULT_TOKEN="{{ root_token }}"
+    while [ -z "${VAULT_TOKEN}" ]; do
+        VAULT_TOKEN=$(gum input --prompt="Vault root token: " --password --width=100)
+    done
+    vault write auth/kubernetes/role/external-secrets \
+        bound_service_account_names=external-secrets \
+        bound_service_account_namespaces=${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} \
+        audience=vault \
+        policies=admin \
+        ttl=1h

09_ExternalSecrets/vault-secret-store.gomplate.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+apiVersion: external-secrets.io/v1
+kind: ClusterSecretStore
+metadata:
+  name: vault-secret-store
+spec:
+  provider:
+    vault:
+      server: http://vault.{{ .Env.K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE }}:8200
+      path: secret
+      version: v2
+      auth:
+        kubernetes:
+          role: external-secrets
+          mountPath: kubernetes
+          serviceAccountRef:
+            name: external-secrets
+            namespace: {{ .Env.EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE }}
+            # Audience must match the audience configured in Vault Kubernetes auth role
+            # Required for Vault 1.21+ compatibility
+            audiences:
+              - vault
+  refreshInterval: {{ .Env.EXTERNAL_SECRETS_REFRESH_INTERVAL }}

10_Postgres/cnpg-values.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Pod Security Context for restricted Pod Security Standards
+#podSecurityContext:
+#  runAsNonRoot: true
+#  seccompProfile:
+#    type: RuntimeDefault
+#  fsGroup: 10001
+#
+## Container Security Context for restricted Pod Security Standards
+#containerSecurityContext:
+#  allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
+#  readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
+#  runAsUser: 10001
+#  runAsGroup: 10001
+#  seccompProfile:
+#    type: RuntimeDefault
+#  capabilities:
+#    drop:
+#      - ALL
+#
+resources:
+  requests:
+    cpu: 50m
+    memory: 128Mi
+  limits:
+    cpu: 100m
+    memory: 256Mi
+

10_Postgres/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+set fallback := true
+
+export CNPG_NAMESPACE := env("CNPG_NAMESPACE", "postgres")
+export CNPG_CHART_VERSION := env("CNPG_CHART_VERSION", "0.26.1")
+export CNPG_CLUSTER_CHART_VERSION := env("CNPG_CLUSTER_CHART_VERSION", "0.3.1")
+export POSTGRES_STORAGE_SIZE := env("POSTGRES_STORAGE_SIZE", "20Gi")
+export POSTGRES_MAX_CONNECTIONS := env("POSTGRES_MAX_CONNECTIONS", "200")
+export K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE := env("K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE", "vault")
+export EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE := env("EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE", "external-secrets")
+
+[private]
+default:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-submodules
+
+# Add Helm repository
+add-helm-repo:
+    @helm repo add cnpg https://cloudnative-pg.github.io/charts
+    @helm repo update
+
+# Remove Helm repository
+remove-helm-repo:
+    @helm repo remove cnpg
+
+# Install CloudNativePG and create a cluster
+install:
+    @just install-cnpg
+    @just create-cluster
+
+# Uninstall CloudNativePG and delete the cluster
+uninstall:
+    @just delete-cluster
+    @just uninstall-cnpg
+
+# Install CloudNativePG
+install-cnpg:
+    @just add-helm-repo
+    @helm upgrade --cleanup-on-fail --install cnpg cnpg/cloudnative-pg \
+        --version ${CNPG_CHART_VERSION} \
+        -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --create-namespace --wait \
+        -f cnpg-values.yaml
+
+    @kubectl label namespace ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} \
+        pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=restricted --overwrite
+
+# Uninstall CloudNativePG
+uninstall-cnpg:
+    @helm uninstall cnpg -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --wait
+    @kubectl delete namespace ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+
+# Create Postgres cluster
+create-cluster:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    if helm status external-secrets -n ${EXTERNAL_SECRETS_NAMESPACE} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "External Secrets Operator detected. Creating admin credentials via ExternalSecret..."
+        password=$(just utils::random-password)
+        just vault::put-root postgres/admin username=postgres password="${password}"
+
+        kubectl delete externalsecret postgres-cluster-superuser -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+        gomplate -f postgres-superuser-external-secret.gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
+
+        echo "Waiting for ExternalSecret to sync..."
+        kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready externalsecret/postgres-cluster-superuser \
+            -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --timeout=60s
+    else
+        echo "External Secrets Operator not found. Creating superuser secret directly..."
+        password=$(just utils::random-password)
+        kubectl delete secret postgres-cluster-superuser -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+        kubectl create secret generic postgres-cluster-superuser -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} \
+            --from-literal=username=postgres \
+            --from-literal=password="${password}"
+
+        if helm status vault -n ${K8S_VAULT_NAMESPACE} &>/dev/null; then
+            just vault::put-root postgres/admin username=postgres password="${password}"
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    gomplate -f postgres-cluster-values.gomplate.yaml -o postgres-cluster-values.yaml
+    helm upgrade --install postgres-cluster cnpg/cluster \
+        --version ${CNPG_CLUSTER_CHART_VERSION} \
+        -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --wait -f postgres-cluster-values.yaml
+
+    echo "Waiting for PostgreSQL cluster to be ready..."
+    kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready clusters.postgresql.cnpg.io/postgres-cluster \
+        -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --timeout=300s
+
+# Delete Postgres cluster
+delete-cluster:
+    @helm uninstall postgres-cluster -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found --wait
+    @kubectl delete externalsecret postgres-cluster-superuser -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+    @kubectl delete secret postgres-cluster-superuser -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+
+# Print Postgres username
+admin-username:
+    @echo "postgres"
+
+# Print Postgres password
+admin-password:
+    @kubectl get -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} secret postgres-cluster-superuser \
+        -o jsonpath="{.data.password}" | base64 --decode
+    @echo
+
+# Create Postgres database
+create-db db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-{{ db_name }}}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if just db-exists ${DB_NAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} already exists" >&2
+        exit
+    fi
+    echo "Creating database ${DB_NAME}..."
+    just psql -c "\"CREATE DATABASE ${DB_NAME};\""
+    echo "Database ${DB_NAME} created."
+
+# Delete Postgres database
+delete-db db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-{{ db_name }}}
+    if ! just db-exists ${DB_NAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit
+    fi
+    # Terminate all connections to the database
+    just psql -c "\"SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid) FROM pg_stat_activity
+        WHERE datname = '${DB_NAME}' AND pid <> pg_backend_pid();\""
+    # Force disconnect if needed
+    just psql -c "\"UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = false WHERE datname = '${DB_NAME}';\""
+    just psql -c "\"SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid) FROM pg_stat_activity
+        WHERE datname = '${DB_NAME}';\""
+    just psql -c "\"DROP DATABASE ${DB_NAME};\""
+    echo "Database ${DB_NAME} deleted."
+
+# Check if database exists
+[no-exit-message]
+db-exists db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-{{ db_name }}}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if echo '\l' | just postgres::psql | grep -E "^ *${DB_NAME} *\|" &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} exists."
+    else
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+# Create Postgres user
+create-user username='' password='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    PASSWORD=${PASSWORD:-"{{ password }}"}
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if just user-exists ${USERNAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} already exists" >&2
+        exit
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
+        PASSWORD=$(gum input --prompt="Password: " --password --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="Empty to generate a random password")
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
+        PASSWORD=$(just random-password)
+        echo "Generated random password: ${PASSWORD}"
+    fi
+    just psql -c "\"CREATE USER ${USERNAME} WITH LOGIN PASSWORD '${PASSWORD}';\""
+    echo "User ${USERNAME} created."
+
+# Delete Postgres user
+delete-user username='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    if ! just user-exists ${USERNAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit
+    fi
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE postgres IN SCHEMA public REVOKE ALL ON TABLES FROM ${USERNAME};\""
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE postgres IN SCHEMA public REVOKE ALL ON SEQUENCES FROM ${USERNAME};\""
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE postgres IN SCHEMA public REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTIONS FROM ${USERNAME};\""
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE postgres IN SCHEMA public REVOKE ALL ON TYPES FROM ${USERNAME};\""
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER SCHEMA public OWNER TO postgres;\""
+    just psql -c "\"DROP USER ${USERNAME};\""
+    echo "User ${USERNAME} deleted."
+
+# Check if user exists
+[no-exit-message]
+user-exists username='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if echo '\du' | just postgres::psql | grep -E "^ *${USERNAME} *\|" &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} exists."
+    else
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+# Change user password
+change-password username='' password='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    PASSWORD=${PASSWORD:-"{{ password }}"}
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if ! just user-exists ${USERNAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
+        PASSWORD=$(gum input --prompt="New password: " --password --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="Empty to generate a random password")
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
+        PASSWORD=$(just utils::random-password)
+        echo "Generated random password: ${PASSWORD}"
+    fi
+    just psql -c "\"ALTER USER ${USERNAME} WITH PASSWORD '${PASSWORD}';\""
+    echo "Password changed for user ${USERNAME}."
+
+# Grant all privileges on database to user
+grant db_name='' username='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if ! just psql ${DB_NAME} -U postgres -P pager=off -c "\"SELECT 1;\""; then
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    just psql -c "\"GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE ${DB_NAME} TO ${USERNAME};\""
+    # Grant CREATE permission on public schema (needed for PostgreSQL 15+)
+    just psql -d ${DB_NAME} -c "\"GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO ${USERNAME};\""
+    echo "Privileges granted."
+
+# Revoke all privileges on database from user
+revoke db_name='' username='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if ! just psql -U postgres ${DB_NAME} -P pager=off -c "\"SELECT 1;\""; then
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} does not exist." >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    just psql -c "\"REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE ${DB_NAME} FROM ${USERNAME};\""
+    echo "Privileges revoked."
+
+# Create Postgres database and user
+create-user-and-db username='' db_name='' password='':
+    @just create-db "{{ db_name }}"
+    @just create-user "{{ username }}" "{{ password }}"
+    @just grant "{{ db_name }}" "{{ username }}"
+
+# Delete Postgres database and user
+delete-user-and-db username='' db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    if just db-exists ${DB_NAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        if just user-exists ${USERNAME} &>/dev/null; then
+            just revoke "${DB_NAME}" "${USERNAME}"
+        else
+            echo "User ${USERNAME} does not exist, skipping revoke."
+        fi
+        just delete-db "${DB_NAME}"
+    else
+        echo "Database ${DB_NAME} does not exist, skipping database deletion."
+    fi
+    if just user-exists ${USERNAME} &>/dev/null; then
+        just delete-user "${USERNAME}"
+    else
+        echo "User ${USERNAME} does not exist, skipping user deletion."
+    fi
+    echo "Cleanup completed."
+
+# Create logical replication slot for CDC
+create-replication-slot slot_name='' db_name='postgres' plugin='pgoutput':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    SLOT_NAME=${SLOT_NAME:-"{{ slot_name }}"}
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    PLUGIN=${PLUGIN:-"{{ plugin }}"}
+    while [ -z "${SLOT_NAME}" ]; do
+        SLOT_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Replication slot name: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., airbyte_slot")
+    done
+    if kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -tAc \
+        "SELECT slot_name FROM pg_replication_slots WHERE slot_name = '${SLOT_NAME}';" | grep -q "${SLOT_NAME}"; then
+        echo "Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' already exists."
+        exit 0
+    fi
+    echo "Creating replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' with plugin '${PLUGIN}'..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "SELECT pg_create_logical_replication_slot('${SLOT_NAME}', '${PLUGIN}');"
+    echo "Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' created."
+
+# Delete replication slot
+delete-replication-slot slot_name='' db_name='postgres':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    SLOT_NAME=${SLOT_NAME:-"{{ slot_name }}"}
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    while [ -z "${SLOT_NAME}" ]; do
+        SLOT_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Replication slot name to delete: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if ! kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -tAc \
+        "SELECT slot_name FROM pg_replication_slots WHERE slot_name = '${SLOT_NAME}';" | grep -q "${SLOT_NAME}"; then
+        echo "Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' does not exist."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    echo "Deleting replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}'..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "SELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('${SLOT_NAME}');"
+    echo "Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' deleted."
+
+# List all replication slots
+list-replication-slots:
+    @echo "Replication slots:"
+    @kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d postgres -c \
+        "SELECT slot_name, plugin, slot_type, database, active, restart_lsn FROM pg_replication_slots;"
+
+# Create publication for CDC
+create-publication pub_name='' db_name='' tables='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    PUB_NAME=${PUB_NAME:-"{{ pub_name }}"}
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    TABLES="${TABLES:-{{ tables }}}"
+    while [ -z "${PUB_NAME}" ]; do
+        PUB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Publication name: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., airbyte_publication")
+    done
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -tAc \
+        "SELECT pubname FROM pg_publication WHERE pubname = '${PUB_NAME}';" | grep -q "${PUB_NAME}"; then
+        echo "Publication '${PUB_NAME}' already exists in database '${DB_NAME}'."
+        exit 0
+    fi
+    if [ -z "${TABLES}" ]; then
+        echo "Select tables to include in publication:"
+        echo "1) All tables (ALL TABLES)"
+        echo "2) All user tables (exclude system/internal tables)"
+        echo "3) Specific tables (comma-separated list)"
+        CHOICE=$(gum choose "All tables" "User tables only" "Specific tables")
+        case "${CHOICE}" in
+            "All tables")
+                TABLES="ALL TABLES"
+                ;;
+            "User tables only")
+                # Get list of user tables (excluding _airbyte* and other system tables)
+                USER_TABLES=$(kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+                    psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -tAc \
+                    "SELECT string_agg(tablename, ', ') FROM pg_tables
+                     WHERE schemaname = 'public'
+                     AND tablename NOT LIKE '\_%'
+                     AND tablename NOT LIKE 'pg_%';")
+                if [ -z "${USER_TABLES}" ]; then
+                    echo "No user tables found in database '${DB_NAME}'"
+                    exit 1
+                fi
+                TABLES="TABLE ${USER_TABLES}"
+                echo "Including tables: ${USER_TABLES}"
+                ;;
+            "Specific tables")
+                TABLES=$(gum input --prompt="Enter table names (comma-separated): " --width=100 \
+                    --placeholder="e.g., users, products, orders")
+                TABLES="TABLE ${TABLES}"
+                ;;
+        esac
+    elif [ "${TABLES}" = "ALL" ]; then
+        TABLES="ALL TABLES"
+    fi
+    echo "Creating publication '${PUB_NAME}' in database '${DB_NAME}'..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "CREATE PUBLICATION ${PUB_NAME} FOR ${TABLES};"
+    if [ "${TABLES}" != "ALL TABLES" ]; then
+        echo "Setting REPLICA IDENTITY for included tables..."
+        TABLE_LIST=$(echo "${TABLES}" | sed 's/TABLE //')
+        IFS=',' read -ra TABLE_ARRAY <<< "${TABLE_LIST}"
+        for table in "${TABLE_ARRAY[@]}"; do
+            table=$(echo "$table" | xargs)  # trim whitespace
+            kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+                psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+                "ALTER TABLE ${table} REPLICA IDENTITY FULL;" 2>/dev/null || true
+        done
+    fi
+    echo "Publication '${PUB_NAME}' created."
+
+# Delete publication
+delete-publication pub_name='' db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    PUB_NAME=${PUB_NAME:-"{{ pub_name }}"}
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    while [ -z "${PUB_NAME}" ]; do
+        PUB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Publication name to delete: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    if ! kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -tAc \
+        "SELECT pubname FROM pg_publication WHERE pubname = '${PUB_NAME}';" | grep -q "${PUB_NAME}"; then
+        echo "Publication '${PUB_NAME}' does not exist in database '${DB_NAME}'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    echo "Deleting publication '${PUB_NAME}' from database '${DB_NAME}'..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "DROP PUBLICATION ${PUB_NAME};"
+    echo "Publication '${PUB_NAME}' deleted."
+
+# List all publications in a database
+list-publications db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    echo "Publications in database '${DB_NAME}':"
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "SELECT pubname, puballtables, pubinsert, pubupdate, pubdelete FROM pg_publication;"
+
+# Grant CDC privileges to user
+grant-cdc-privileges username='' db_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    while [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; do
+        USERNAME=$(gum input --prompt="Username to grant CDC privileges: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name: " --width=100)
+    done
+    echo "Granting CDC privileges to user '${USERNAME}' on database '${DB_NAME}'..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c "ALTER USER ${USERNAME} WITH REPLICATION;"
+    echo "Granting schema and table privileges..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c \
+        "GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO ${USERNAME};
+         GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO ${USERNAME};
+         GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO ${USERNAME};
+         ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA public GRANT SELECT ON TABLES TO ${USERNAME};"
+    echo "Granting pg_read_all_data role..."
+    kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d ${DB_NAME} -c "GRANT pg_read_all_data TO ${USERNAME};" 2>/dev/null || true
+    echo "CDC privileges granted to user '${USERNAME}'"
+
+# Setup CDC (Change Data Capture)
+setup-cdc db_name='' slot_name='' pub_name='' username='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    SLOT_NAME=${SLOT_NAME:-"{{ slot_name }}"}
+    PUB_NAME=${PUB_NAME:-"{{ pub_name }}"}
+    USERNAME=${USERNAME:-"{{ username }}"}
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name for CDC setup: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${SLOT_NAME}" ]; do
+        SLOT_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Replication slot name: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., demo_slot")
+    done
+    while [ -z "${PUB_NAME}" ]; do
+        PUB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Publication name: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., demo_pub")
+    done
+    echo "Setting up CDC on database '${DB_NAME}'..."
+    WAL_LEVEL=$(kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d postgres -tAc "SHOW wal_level;")
+    if [ "${WAL_LEVEL}" != "logical" ]; then
+        echo "WARNING: wal_level is '${WAL_LEVEL}', should be 'logical' for CDC"
+        echo "Please ensure PostgreSQL is configured with wal_level=logical"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    just create-replication-slot "${SLOT_NAME}" "${DB_NAME}"
+    just create-publication "${PUB_NAME}" "${DB_NAME}"
+    if [ -n "${USERNAME}" ]; then
+        echo ""
+        just grant-cdc-privileges "${USERNAME}" "${DB_NAME}"
+    fi
+    echo ""
+    echo "CDC setup completed for database '${DB_NAME}'"
+    echo "  Replication Method: Logical Replication (CDC)"
+    echo "  Replication Slot: ${SLOT_NAME}"
+    echo "  Publication: ${PUB_NAME}"
+    if [ -n "${USERNAME}" ]; then
+        echo "  User with CDC privileges: ${USERNAME}"
+    fi
+
+# Cleanup CDC (removes slot and publication)
+cleanup-cdc db_name='' slot_name='' pub_name='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    DB_NAME=${DB_NAME:-"{{ db_name }}"}
+    SLOT_NAME=${SLOT_NAME:-"{{ slot_name }}"}
+    PUB_NAME=${PUB_NAME:-"{{ pub_name }}"}
+
+    while [ -z "${DB_NAME}" ]; do
+        DB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Database name for CDC cleanup: " --width=100)
+    done
+    while [ -z "${SLOT_NAME}" ]; do
+        SLOT_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Replication slot name to delete: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., demo_slot")
+    done
+    while [ -z "${PUB_NAME}" ]; do
+        PUB_NAME=$(gum input --prompt="Publication name to delete: " --width=100 \
+            --placeholder="e.g., demo_pub")
+    done
+    echo "Cleaning up CDC configuration for database '${DB_NAME}'..."
+
+    # Check if slot is active
+    SLOT_ACTIVE=$(kubectl exec -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- \
+        psql -U postgres -d postgres -tAc \
+        "SELECT active FROM pg_replication_slots WHERE slot_name = '${SLOT_NAME}';" 2>/dev/null || echo "")
+    if [ "${SLOT_ACTIVE}" = "t" ]; then
+        echo "WARNING: Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' is currently active!"
+        echo "Please stop any active replication connections first."
+        if ! gum confirm "Proceed with deletion anyway?"; then
+            echo "Cleanup cancelled"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # Delete in correct order: Slot first, then Publication
+    echo "Step 1: Deleting replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}'..."
+    just delete-replication-slot "${SLOT_NAME}" "${DB_NAME}" || \
+        echo "Replication slot '${SLOT_NAME}' not found or already deleted"
+
+    echo "Step 2: Deleting publication '${PUB_NAME}'..."
+    just delete-publication "${PUB_NAME}" "${DB_NAME}" || \
+        echo "Publication '${PUB_NAME}' not found or already deleted"
+
+    echo "CDC cleanup completed for database '${DB_NAME}'"
+
+# Run psql
+[no-exit-message]
+psql *args='':
+    @kubectl exec -it -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- psql {{ args }}
+
+# Dump Postgres database by pg_dump
+[no-cd]
+dump db_name file exclude_tables='':
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+
+    DUMP_OPTIONS="-Fc"
+    if [ -n "{{ exclude_tables }}" ]; then
+        IFS=',' read -ra TABLES <<< "{{ exclude_tables }}"
+        for table in "${TABLES[@]}"; do
+            DUMP_OPTIONS="$DUMP_OPTIONS --exclude-table=$table"
+        done
+    fi
+
+    kubectl exec -i -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- bash -c \
+        "pg_dump -d postgresql://$(just postgres::admin-username):$(just postgres::admin-password)@localhost/{{ db_name }} $DUMP_OPTIONS > \
+        /var/lib/postgresql/data/db.dump"
+    kubectl cp -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} -c postgres \
+        postgres-cluster-1:/var/lib/postgresql/data/db.dump {{ file }}
+    kubectl exec -i -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- rm /var/lib/postgresql/data/db.dump
+
+# Restore Postgres database by pg_restore
+[no-cd]
+restore db_name file:
+    just postgres::create-db {{ db_name }}
+    kubectl cp {{ file }} -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} -c postgres \
+        postgres-cluster-1:/var/lib/postgresql/data/db.dump
+    kubectl exec -i -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} postgres-cluster-1 -c postgres -- bash -c \
+        "pg_restore --clean --if-exists \
+        -d postgresql://$(just postgres::admin-username):$(just postgres::admin-password)@localhost/{{ db_name }} \
+        /var/lib/postgresql/data/db.dump"
+
+# Enable Prometheus monitoring
+enable-monitoring:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    echo "Enabling Prometheus PodMonitor for PostgreSQL cluster..."
+
+    # Label namespace to enable monitoring
+    kubectl label namespace ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} buun.channel/enable-monitoring=true --overwrite
+
+    # Enable PodMonitor
+    kubectl patch cluster postgres-cluster -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --type=merge -p '{"spec":{"monitoring":{"enablePodMonitor":true}}}'
+
+    echo "Waiting for PodMonitor to be created..."
+    sleep 3
+
+    # Add release label to PodMonitor
+    kubectl label podmonitor postgres-cluster -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} release=kube-prometheus-stack --overwrite
+
+    kubectl get podmonitor -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} -l cnpg.io/cluster=postgres-cluster
+    echo "✓ PostgreSQL monitoring enabled"
+
+# Disable Prometheus monitoring
+disable-monitoring:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    echo "Disabling Prometheus PodMonitor for PostgreSQL cluster..."
+
+    # Disable PodMonitor
+    kubectl patch cluster postgres-cluster -n ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} --type=merge -p '{"spec":{"monitoring":{"enablePodMonitor":false}}}'
+
+    # Remove namespace label
+    kubectl label namespace ${CNPG_NAMESPACE} buun.channel/enable-monitoring- --ignore-not-found
+
+    echo "✓ PostgreSQL monitoring disabled"

10_Postgres/pgdb-example.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
+kind: Cluster
+metadata:
+  name: cluster-example
+spec:
+  instances: 3
+  
+  storage:
+    size: 1Gi

11_storage_tests/foo-pv.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolume
+metadata:
+  name: foo-pv
+spec:
+  storageClassName: "longhorn"
+  claimRef:
+    name: foo-pvc
+    namespace: foo

11_storage_tests/longhorn-pv.yaml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ spec:
   volumeMode: Filesystem
   accessModes:
     - ReadWriteOnce
-  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain  # Optionally, 'Delete' oder 'Recycle'
+  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete  # Optionally, 'Delete' oder 'Recycle'
   storageClassName: longhorn  # Verwende den Longhorn-StorageClass-Namen
   csi:
     driver: driver.longhorn.io  # Der Longhorn CSI-Treiber

11_storage_tests/longhorn-with-nginx.yaml

@@ -1,16 +1,42 @@
 apiVersion: v1
+kind: Namespace
+metadata:
+  name: foo
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+metadata:
+  name: longhorn-nginx-pvc
+  namespace: foo
+spec:
+  storageClassName: longhorn  # Die gleiche StorageClass wie im PV
+  accessModes:
+    - ReadWriteOnce
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 10Gi  # Die angeforderte Größe sollte mit der des PV übereinstimmen
+#  volumeName: longhorn-test-pv  # Der Name des PV, das für diesen PVC verwendet werden soll
+---
+apiVersion: v1
 kind: Pod
 metadata:
   name: longhorn-demo
-  namespace: default
+  namespace: foo
 spec:
   containers:
     - name: demo-container
       image: nginx:latest
+      resources:
+        requests:
+          memory: "64Mi"
+          cpu: "250m"
+        limits:
+          memory: "128Mi"
+          cpu: "500m"
       volumeMounts:
         - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
           name: longhorn-volume
   volumes:
     - name: longhorn-volume
       persistentVolumeClaim:
-        claimName: longhorn-test-pvc
+        claimName: longhorn-nginx-pvc

12_Authentik/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://docs.goauthentik.io/install-config/install/kubernetes/#install-authentik-helm-chart

12_Authentik/authentik-pgdb.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
+kind: Cluster
+metadata:
+  name: authentik-pgdb
+  namespace: authentik
+spec:
+  instances: 3
+  
+  storage:
+    size: 1Gi

12_Authentik/authentik-values.gomplate.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+authentik:
+    secret_key: "PleaseGenerateASecureKey"
+    # This sends anonymous usage-data, stack traces on errors and
+    # performance data to sentry.io, and is fully opt-in
+    error_reporting:
+        enabled: true
+    postgresql:
+        password: "ThisIsNotASecurePassword"
+
+server:
+    ingress:
+        # Specify kubernetes ingress controller class name
+        ingressClassName: nginx | traefik | kong
+        enabled: true
+        hosts:
+            - authentik.domain.tld
+
+postgresql:
+    enabled: true
+    auth:
+        password: "ThisIsNotASecurePassword"

12_Authentik/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+set fallback := true
+
+export AUTHENTIK_NAMESPACE := env("AUTHENTIK_NAMESPACE", "authentik")
+
+[private]
+default:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-submodules
+
+# Add Helm repository
+add-helm-repo:
+    @helm repo add authentik https://charts.goauthentik.io
+    @helm repo update
+
+# Remove Helm repository
+remove-helm-repo:
+    @helm repo remove authentik
+
+
+install:
+    @just add-helm-repo
+    @helm upgrade --cleanup-on-fail --install authentik authentik/authentik \
+        -n ${AUTHENTIK_NAMESPACE} --create-namespace --wait \
+        -f authentik-values.yaml
+
+
+uninstall:
+    @helm uninstall authentik -n ${AUTHENTIK_NAMESPACE} --wait
+    @kubectl delete namespace ${AUTHENTIK_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found

Longhorn/README.md

@@ -171,5 +171,4 @@ Mit diesen Schritten hast du ein Persistent Volume (PV) und einen Persistent Vol
 kubectl get storageclass
 
 kubectl patch storageclass local-path -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"false"}}}'
-
 ```

Longhorn/auth

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+basti:$apr1$N23gJpBe$CYlDcwTfp8YsQMq0UcADQ0

Longhorn/justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+set fallback:=true
+
+export LONGHORN_NAMESPACE := env("LONGHORN_NAMESPACE","longhorn-system")
+export LONGHORN_VERSION := env("LONGHORN_VERSION","1.10.1")
+
+add-helm-repo:
+    helm repo add longhorn https://charts.longhorn.io --force-update
+    helm repo update
+
+# Delete namespace
+delete-namespace:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    if kubectl get namespace ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} &>/dev/null; then
+        kubectl delete namespace ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} --ignore-not-found
+    else
+        echo "Namespace ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} does not exist."
+    fi
+
+
+install:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    just env::check
+
+    just add-helm-repo
+
+    helm upgrade longhorn longhorn/longhorn \
+      --install \
+      --cleanup-on-fail \
+      --namespace ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} \
+      --create-namespace \
+      --version ${LONGHORN_VERSION} \
+      --values longhorn-values.yaml
+
+    # remove default storage class annotation from local-path storage class
+    kubectl patch storageclass local-path -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"false"}}}'
+
+uninstall:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+
+    for crd in $(kubectl get crd -o name | grep longhorn); do
+        kubectl patch $crd -p '{"metadata":{"finalizers":[]}}' --type=merge
+    done
+
+    kubectl -n ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} patch -p '{"value": "true"}' --type=merge lhs deleting-confirmation-flag || true
+
+    helm uninstall longhorn --namespace ${LONGHORN_NAMESPACE} || true
+    just delete-namespace
+
+
+install-dashboard-ingress:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+    just env::check
+
+    echo "Deploying Longhorn Dashboard Ingress with EXTERNAL_DOMAIN=${EXTERNAL_DOMAIN}"
+    gomplate -f longhorn-certificate-gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
+    gomplate -f longhorn-ingressroute-gomplate.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
+
+uninstall-dashboard-ingress:
+    #!/bin/bash
+    set -euo pipefail
+
+    kubectl delete -f longhorn-ingressroute-gomplate.yaml || true
+    kubectl delete -f longhorn-certificate-gomplate.yaml || true

Longhorn/longhorn-certificate-gomplate.yaml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ metadata:
 spec:
   secretName: longhorn-web-ui-tls
   dnsNames:
-    - longhorn-dashboard.k8s.schnrbs.work
+    - longhorn-dashboard.{{.Env.EXTERNAL_DOMAIN}}
   issuerRef:
     name: cloudflare-cluster-issuer
     kind: ClusterIssuer

Longhorn/longhorn-ingressroute-gomplate.yaml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ spec:
   entryPoints:
   - websecure
   routes:
-  - match: Host(`longhorn-dashboard.k8s.schnrbs.work`)
+  - match: Host(`longhorn-dashboard.{{.Env.EXTERNAL_DOMAIN}}`)
     kind: Rule
     services:
     - name: longhorn-frontend

Longhorn/longhorn-values.yaml

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-global:
-  nodeSelector:
-    node.longhorn.io/create-default-disk: "true"
-
-service:
-  ui:
-    type: NodePort
-    nodePort: 30050 
-  manager:
-    type: ClusterIP
 
 # Replica count for the default Longhorn StorageClass.
 persistence:
-  defaultClass: false
-  defaultFsType: ext4
   defaultClassReplicaCount: 2
   reclaimPolicy: Delete
 
@@ -25,12 +13,10 @@ csi:
 
 # Default replica count and storage path
 defaultSettings:
-  upgradeChecker: false
   kubernetesClusterAutoscalerEnabled: false
   allowCollectingLonghornUsageMetrics: false
-  createDefaultDiskLabeledNodes: true
   defaultReplicaCount: 2
-  defaultDataPath: "/k8s-data"
+#  defaultDataPath: "/k8s-data"
 
 longhornUI:
   replicas: 1

Longhorn/pod_with_pvc.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
+metadata:
+  name: longhorn-volv-pvc
+  namespace: default
+spec:
+  accessModes:
+    - ReadWriteOnce
+  storageClassName: longhorn
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      storage: 2Gi
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Pod
+metadata:
+  name: volume-test
+  namespace: default
+spec:
+  restartPolicy: Always
+  containers:
+  - name: volume-test
+    image: nginx:stable-alpine
+    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
+    livenessProbe:
+      exec:
+        command:
+          - ls
+          - /data/lost+found
+      initialDelaySeconds: 5
+      periodSeconds: 5
+    volumeMounts:
+    - name: volv
+      mountPath: /data
+    ports:
+    - containerPort: 80
+  volumes:
+  - name: volv
+    persistentVolumeClaim:
+      claimName: longhorn-volv-pvc

env/env.local.gomplate

@@ -7,3 +7,5 @@ METALLB_ADDRESS_RANGE={{ .Env.METALLB_ADDRESS_RANGE }}
 CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN={{ .Env.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN}}
 ACME_EMAIL={{ .Env.ACME_EMAIL}}
 EXTERNAL_DOMAIN={{ .Env.EXTERNAL_DOMAIN }}
+VAULT_HOST={{ .Env.VAULT_HOST }}
+AUTHENTIK_HOST={{ .Env.AUTHENTIK_HOST }}

env/justfile

@@ -120,6 +120,25 @@ setup:
         fi
     done
     
+    while [ -z "${VAULT_HOST}" ]; do
+        if ! VAULT_HOST=$(
+            gum input --prompt="Vault hostname: " \
+            --width=100 --placeholder="vault"
+        ); then
+            echo "Setup cancelled." >&2
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    done
+    while [ -z "${AUTHENTIK_HOST}" ]; do
+        if ! AUTHENTIK_HOST=$(
+            gum input --prompt="Authentik hostname: " \
+            --width=100 --placeholder="authentik"
+        ); then
+            echo "Setup cancelled." >&2
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    done
+
     echo "Generating .env.local file..."    
     rm -f ../.env.local
     gomplate -f env.local.gomplate -o ../.env.local

justfile

@@ -9,4 +9,9 @@ default:
 mod env
 mod BasicSetup '01_Basic_Setup'
 mod MetalLbSetup 'Metallb_Setup'
-mod Traefik
+mod Traefik
+mod Longhorn
+mod Vault '08_Vault'
+mod ExternalSecrets '09_ExternalSecrets'
+mod Postgres '10_Postgres'
+mod KubePrometheusStack '07_KubePrometheusStack'

longhorn/longhorn-ingress.yaml

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
----
-apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
-kind: Ingress
-metadata:
-  name: longhorn-web-ui
-  namespace: longhorn-system
-  annotations:
-    traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints: websecure
-spec:
-  rules:
-    - host: longhorn.k8s.internal.schnrbs.work
-      http:
-        paths: 
-          - path: /
-            pathType: Prefix
-            backend:
-              service:
-                name: longhorn-frontend
-                port:
-                  number: 80
-  tls:
-    - hosts:
-        - longhorn.k8s.internal.schnrbs.work
-      secretName: longhorn-web-ui-tls
-

mise.toml

@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ k3sup = '0.13.11'
 helm = '3.19.0'
 gum = '0.16.2'
 gomplate = '4.3.3'
-just = "1.42.4"
+just = "1.42.4"
+vault = "1.20.2"